Incorporating Artificial Intelligence Theories in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) Curriculum Development
Pedagogical Innovation and Critical Engagement Theoretical Paradigm

Prepared by
Dr Nadiya Al-Issaei
University of Technology and
Applied Sciences-Suhar
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Dr Aboubaidah Gasim
University of Technology and
Applied Sciences-Suhar
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Abstract
This paper examines the theoretical underpinnings of curriculum development in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and proposes a framework for integrating contemporary artificial intelligence (AI) theories into curriculum conceptualization, design, and implementation. Drawing on established curriculum ideologies—technical-behavioral, learner-centered, and critical-political perspectives—this research explores how AI technologies and theories can enhance EAP curriculum development while addressing longstanding challenges in higher education contexts. The paper argues that AI integration must be approached through a critical lens that considers the sociocultural, ethical, and pedagogical implications while leveraging AI's capabilities for adaptive learning, assessment, and content development. The proposed theoretical framework offers a foundation for curriculum developers, EAP practitioners, and educational administrators seeking to navigate the evolving landscape of AI-enhanced language education while maintaining core pedagogical principles and values
Keywords: curriculum development, English for Academic Purposes (EAP), artificial intelligence, educational technology, curriculum theory, 

Analysing Counter-Hegemonic Discourse in Nelson Mandela’s “I Am Prepared to Die” Speech 

Prepared by
frah Abdul Qader Jassim
Instructor /Department of English
College of Basic Education
University of Mosul
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ORCID: https://orcid.org

Abstract
This study critically investigates Nelson Mandela’s 1964 discourse, “I Am Prepared to Die,” via Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe’s Hegemony Theory, as drawn in Hegemony and Socialist Strategy (1985), by Wodak’s (2011) Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA). The study observes how Mandela’s speech constructs a counter-hegemonic speech that challenges apartheid ideology, reshapes democratic ideals, and restructures the political landscape of South Africa. Through deep analysis, the study categorises rhetorical strategies such as "dislocation", "empty signifiers", "chains of equivalence", and "myth creation". It shows how Mandela’s speech strategically describes him and the organization of the African National Congress (ANC) as legitimate representatives of social change. The analysis further searches how language in political discourse functions as a site of hegemonic struggle, with Mandela reshaping the vital political concepts such as "freedom, democracy, and patriotism" to encounter dominant narratives and encourage a shared political subjectivity
Keywords: counter-hegemony, discourse, dislocation,  political, dominant

The Role of Phonological Processing in Language Comprehension and Production: A Systematic Review 

Prepared by
Nawal Abderrahman Mohammed Daffaallah
Department of English Language and Literature
College of Languages and Humanities
Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
This systematic review synthesizes 25 years (1999–2024) of interdisciplinary research on phonological processing, advancing the field through three key innovations. First, it identifies universal cross-linguistic patterns in speech segmentation (e.g., syllable-based hierarchies, ηp2=0.38η_p^2 = 0.38ηp2​=0.38) while quantifying system-specific variations, resolving longstanding theoretical conflicts via a novel meta-analytic framework (k=324k=324k=324 studies, d=0.88d=0.88d=0.88). Second, the study proposes a hierarchical developmental model demonstrating how phonological processing evolves from basic auditory discrimination to morphophonemic mapping (β=0.76,p<0.001β=0.76, p<0.001β=0.76,p<0.001), thereby unifying prior contradictory accounts of progression trajectories. Third, it pioneers the integration of digital technologies into phonological research, revealing that AI-driven tools enhance phonological awareness with moderate-to-strong effects (g=0.62g=0.62g=0.62–1.121.121.12) and establishing new benchmarks for adaptive learning systems. By bridging psycholinguistic theory with computational applications, the findings offer transformative pathways for language education, neurocognitive interface design, and AI communication tools, while critically redefining research priorities for the digital age. The review identifies crucial areas for future research, including digital communication contexts, artificial intelligence integration, and cross-modal effects in multimodal communication. These findings have significant implications for educational practice, clinical applications, and theoretical advancement in psycholinguistics and cognitive science

Augmenting English Language Learning Through Vlogs: Teachers' Perspectives

Prepared by
Fatima A Muhammed Zein
Department of English Language and Literature
College of Languages and Humanities
Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
The rapid advancement of technology has significantly transformed both teaching practices and student learning experiences. While numerous digital tools have proven effective, achieving English language proficiency continues to pose a challenge for many university-level EFL learners. This persistent gap may be attributed to the continued use of outdated or ineffective instructional methods, underscoring the need for more engaging, pedagogically sound, and innovative approaches. This study investigates the integration of vlogs as instructional tools in the EFL classroom, drawing on perspectives from Saudi Faculty. Adopting a quantitative methodology, data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to Saudi EFL instructors. The findings suggest that vlogs, when incorporated thoughtfully into language curricula, can significantly enrich the learning experience and foster greater learner motivation and confidence in using English. They provide valuable insights for improving EFL pedagogy and guiding future research
Key words: Technology, Tools, Vlogs, English, Language, Learning

The Simple Agreement for Future Equity (SAFE): A Critical Examination of its Mechanisms, Sharia Compliance, and the Quest for Islamic Finance Alternatives

Prepared by
Dr. Mutaz Abdulaziz Alkhedhairy
Department of Humanities
College of Applied Studies
King Saud University
Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia

Abstract
. The Simple Agreement for Future Equity (SAFE) has rapidly proliferated within global venture capital as a mechanism for streamlining early-stage investments, primarily by deferring valuation complexities. Developed by Y Combinator, the SAFE instrument facilitates immediate capital injection for nascent enterprises in exchange for a future right to equity. This manuscript undertakes a rigorous jurisprudential examination of the SAFE, dissecting its operational mechanics to assess its compatibility with the substantive principles of Islamic commercial law (Fiqh al-Muʿāmalāt). The analysis is framed within the broader objectives of Sharia (Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah), evaluating SAFE against cardinal prohibitions of ribā (interest), excessive gharar (uncertainty), and core Islamic finance tenets promoting risk-sharing (mushārakah) and prohibiting capital guarantees (ḍamān raʾs al-māl) in equity partnerships 
Employing doctrinal analysis of standard SAFE documentation, comparative legal perspectives, and a review of contemporary Sharia scholarship, this research identifies profound conflicts between standard SAFE structures and Sharia norms. Findings reveal that while SAFEs avoid explicit interest accrual, their fundamental reliance on conversion into preferred shares and the embedded liquidation preference clauses—granting investors prioritised capital return in liquidity or dissolution events—constitute the primary impediment to Sharia compliance. This structure fundamentally contravenes the Islamic principle of proportional loss-sharing requisite in Mushārakah contracts
Consequently, potential modifications, including mandatory conversion into common stock, are evaluated alongside alternative Sharia-grounded structures, such as bifurcated Qarḍ Ḥasan and Waʿd arrangements or structured Mushārakah. The research concludes that achieving Sharia compliance necessitates a fundamental re-engineering of SAFE’s preferential features to develop robust, ethically grounded alternatives for the modern startup economy
Keywords: Simple Agreement for Future Equity (SAFE), Sharia Compliance, Islamic Finance, Venture Capital, Startup Funding, Preferred Shares, Liquidation Preference, Ribā, Gharar, Mushārakah, Convertible Instruments, Fiqh al-Muʿāmalāt, Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, Uṣūl al-Fiqh, Comparative Commercial Law, Islamic Jurisprudence, Startup Law

Architecture in the Late Ottoman Period: The Era of Western Artistic Influence(Mosques are an example)

Prepared by
Dr.Mehmet Ulusoy
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ORCİD: 0009-0004-6599-6264

Abstract
This study explores the development of architecture during the late Ottoman period, which spans from the early eighteenth century to the end of the Ottoman Empire in the early twentieth century. During this time, Ottoman architecture was significantly influenced by European styles as a result of Westernization and reform movements, particularly following the Tanzimat era. The empire's increasing openness to Western civilization led to the incorporation of new architectural elements such as Baroque, Rococo, and Neoclassicism, which were blended with traditional local features.
The research focuses on analyzing the architectural character of religious buildings during this phase, such as mosques and related religious structures, which began to display more European characteristics in their form and ornamentation. The study also examines the impact of political, social, and technological changes on architectural styles and urban planning, highlighting the role of both European and local architects in shaping this new architectural identity.
The primary aim of the research is to study the architectural style from the early eighteenth century until the fall of the Ottoman Empire in the early twentieth century. Most of the buildings from this period are located in Istanbul, and previous studies have primarily focused on the architecture of large mosques and their associated structures, such as madrasas, fountains, baths, and mausoleums, particularly in Istanbul. This research is therefore limited to examining the architectural aspects of mosques constructed during this period.
keywords: Architecture, Early Ottoman era, Mosques, Western arts.

The effect of teaching physical geography according to the self-learning strategy on developing and retaining geographical concepts among fifth-grade literary female students

pepared by 
Dr.Nashwan Muwafaq Qasim
The General Directorate of Education
Nineveh Governorate
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Abstract
The current research aims to identify the effect of teaching physical geography according to the self-learning strategy on the development and retention of geographical concepts among fifth-grade literary female students. 
This study was conducted in (Nineveh Education General Directorate / Erbil Education Department) during the second semester of the academic year 2023/2024 in the subject of physical geography. The research sample amounted to (40) female students distributed into two experimental groups of (20) female students and a control group of (20) female students. The researcher rewarded the two groups with a set of variables (subject grade in the first semester, prior knowledge, intelligence, chronological age, parents' achievement) and prepared a test consisting of (50) multiple-choice items. After ensuring its validity and reliability and the end of the experimental period, the post-test of geographical concepts was applied using a set of statistical methods on the program (spss). The results showed a statistically significant difference between the average scores of the students of the two research groups in the post-test of concepts and retention of the academic material, in favor of the experimental group that studied according to the self-learning strategy.    
Keywords: Physical and Strategic Geography, Self-Learning, Concept Development

Solidarity Economy... and the Challenge of Individualism

prepared by
Prof.Dr.Mesfer bin Ali Al-Qahtani
Professor at King Fahd University
of Petroleum and Minerals
Dhahran
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
This research explores the profound transformation in the social and economic fabric of modern humanity due to the rise of individualism, juxtaposed with the concept of a "solidarity economy." The author presents a historical overview of individualism, tracing its roots from the Enlightenment through modernity and postmodernity, culminating in its current peak during the Fourth Industrial Revolution, fueled by technological and communication revolutions and globalization.
The study discusses how economic shifts—especially those during industrial and capitalist eras—have intensified individualism, weakening communal bonds and eroding collective roles, from the family unit to the broader society. The concept of "surplus enjoyment" is introduced, paralleling Marx’s “surplus value,” illustrating how modern economies push individuals into endless cycles of desire and consumption with little true fulfillment.
In contrast, the paper advocates for the revival of solidarity-based economic models grounded in mutual support and communal participation. It references religious teachings—especially Islamic principles like zakat and communal labor—as frameworks that promote altruism, cooperation, and a redefinition of wealth as psychological rather than material. The Protestant ethic is also highlighted as a historical case of aligning religious values with responsible capitalism.
The research concludes with a call to restore ethical and human dimensions in economic and social relations, asserting that humanity cannot persist in a purely individualistic consumer illusion without eventually seeking meaning, purpose, and connection with others.
Keywords: economy - cooperation - social - individualism - modernity- surplus enjoyment.

The Communicative Dimension of Modern Visual Media and Its Reflections on the Behavior of Sudanese Families: A Field Study

Prepared by
Dr. Al-Haj Ali Adam Ali)
Faculty of Media
University of West Kordofan
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Dr. Safaa Abbas Abdelaziz
Faculty of Media
Open University of Sudan
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Abstract
This study examined the roles of visual media and its impact on Sudanese family behavior. A descriptive approach was used to analyze the impact of this media on families in the Nahud locality. The results revealed that visual media contributed to shaping public opinion and strengthening social solidarity, particularly in covering issues related to women, youth, and rural areas. The study also demonstrated that problems are not related solely to the media outlet itself, but also to the surrounding professional and organizational environment. Among the most prominent challenges facing visual media are weak infrastructure, a lack of legislation, a lack of training, and limited funding. The study concluded with practical recommendations, such as supporting training, issuing legislation, and funding media initiatives. Thus, the study fills a knowledge gap about visual media in the Sudanese context and proposes solutions that enhance its effectiveness and positive impact on families and society.
Keywords: Visual media; communication dimensions; Sudanese families; behavioral influence; imported cultures; alien customs.

Germany's Colonial Policy in East Africa through the Protection of Certain Omani Figures (Sayyida Salma and Sayyid Khalid as Examples)

Prepared by
Dr.Sulaiman Said Habib Al-Kiyumi
Assistant Professor
University of Al Buraimi
Sultanate of Oman
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Abstract
At one stage of the British-German colonial struggle for control of East Africa, Germany sought to support opponents of the British presence in East Africa. The Germans also protected certain figures who were wanted by the British because of their opposition to British interference in East African affairs.
Germany aimed to use these opponents as a pressure card on Britain to force it to make some concessions regarding control over the regions of East Africa. An example of this is what Germany did in protecting Lady Salma, who fled to Germany with a young German man, whom she later married and was granted German citizenship. The German government then tried to exploit this issue in order to achieve the colonial goals of the Germans and find a foothold for themselves in Zanzibar, as Princess Salma was one of the heirs to the throne of her father, Sayyid Said bin Sultan (1804-1856 AD). The Germans even toyed with the idea of ​​imposing her son, “Said,” as Sultan of Zanzibar, as he was German on the one hand, and the grandson of Sayyid Said bin Sultan on the other.
Another example of the German role in protecting some Omani figures in East Africa during the 19th century is the German acceptance of the protection request submitted by Sayyid Khalid bin Barghash bin Said, who sought refuge at the German consulate in Zanzibar after being persecuted by Britain for his attempt to seize power in Zanzibar in 1896. The German consul in Zanzibar expressed his agreement to grant Sayyid Khalid the right of protection and refused to hand him over to the British.
This paper focuses specifically on the German role in protecting some Omani figures in service of Germany's colonial projects in East Africa, with a focus on two examples: Sayyida Salma and by Sayyid Khalid bin Barghash, by tracing the events related to this topic.
Keywords:Zanzibar- Salma bint Said-Khalid bin Barghash

Attitudes of Media Students at An-Najah National University towards Employing Artificial Intelligence in Producing Media Content

Prepared by
Farid Abdelfattah Abudheir 
Assistant Prof.
Department of Communication &
Digital Media
An-Najah Nationl University
Nablus – Palestine
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Farah Khalid Mustafa Qandeel
Bachelor's degree in Communication
& Digital Media
An-Najah National University
Nablus – Palestine
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Weam Muhammad Hassan
Bachelor's degree in Communication
& Digital Media
An-Najah National University
Nablus – Palestine
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Abstract
This study aimed at identifying the tendencies of media students at An-Najah National University towards using artificial intelligence (AI) in producing media content, their preferences for using it in the field of media, and how to deal with it. The researchers adopted the descriptive analytical approach by using a questionnaire tool to collect data, which was distributed electronically to students in the media departments (Radio & TV, Communication & Digital Media) through a comprehensive survey.
The results of the study showed that (54.1%) of media students at An-Najah National University do not use AI in producing their media content for several reasons, the most important of which is their fear that AI applications will obtain their personal data (77.2%). It also showed that (45.9%) of media students use AI in producing their content, and (70.6%) follow news related to it. The results also showed that (67.2%) of the respondents believe that employing AI techniques in producing media materials is important, as (82.5%) of them believe that it saves time and effort, and (79.6%) believe that it analyzes big data. However, (63.5%) of them have concerns about privacy and security issues, and (64.9%) have concerns about AI replacing humans. These results express a relative weakness among students in the field of using AI in preparing media content, and qualms to deepen the level of understanding and develop practice and use.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence (AI), media students, media content.